Ibisabwa byihariye byo gukora imiti kuri pompe nibi bikurikira.
(1) Huza ibikenewe mu gutunganya imiti
Mubikorwa byo gutunganya imiti, pompe ntabwo igira uruhare gusa mugutanga ibikoresho, ahubwo inatanga sisitemu nibikoresho bikenewe kugirango habeho guhuza imiti no guhura nigitutu gisabwa na reaction ya chimique.Mugihe ibisabwa kugirango umusaruro utagihinduka, imigendekere numutwe wa pompe bizaba bihagaze neza.Umusaruro umaze guhinduka bitewe nimpamvu zimwe, umuvuduko numuvuduko wa pompe nabyo birashobora guhinduka bikurikije, kandi pompe ifite imikorere myiza.
(2) Kurwanya ruswa
Uburyo butangwa na pompe yimiti, harimo ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa bigereranijwe, ahanini byangirika.Niba ibikoresho bya pompe byatoranijwe nabi, ibice bizangirika kandi bitemewe mugihe pompe ikora, kandi pompe ntishobora gukomeza gukora.
Ku bitangazamakuru bimwe na bimwe byamazi, niba nta bikoresho bikwiye birwanya ruswa bishobora gukoreshwa, ibikoresho bitari ibyuma birashobora gukoreshwa, nka pompe ceramic, pompe ya pulasitike, pompe itondekanye, nibindi.
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho, birakenewe ko utareba gusa kurwanya ruswa, ariko nanone ukareba imiterere yubukanishi, imashini nigiciro.
(3) Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubushyuhe buke
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru buvurwa na pompe yimiti burashobora kugabanywa mubisanzwe bitembera hamwe nubushyuhe bwamazi.Amazi yatunganijwe bivuga amazi akoreshwa mugutunganya no gutwara ibicuruzwa bivura imiti.Amazi atwara ubushyuhe bivuga amazi yo hagati atwara ubushyuhe.Aya mazi aciriritse, mumuzunguruko ufunze, azengurutswe nakazi ka pompe, ashyutswe nitanura ryashyushya kugirango ubushyuhe bwamazi aciriritse, hanyuma azenguruka umunara kugirango atange ubushyuhe butaziguye kumiti.
Amazi, amavuta ya mazutu, amavuta ya peteroli, icyuma gishongeshejwe, mercure, nibindi birashobora gukoreshwa nkamazi atwara ubushyuhe.Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwo hejuru buvurwa na pompe yimiti burashobora kugera kuri 900 ℃.
Hariho kandi ubwoko bwinshi bwitangazamakuru rya cryogenic ryapomwe na pompe yimiti, nka ogisijeni yamazi, azote yuzuye, argon yamazi, gaze naturel, hydrogène yamazi, metani, Ethylene, nibindi. Ubushyuhe bwibi bitangazamakuru buri hasi cyane, urugero, ubushyuhe bwa pompe ya ogisijeni yavomwe ni hafi - 183 ℃.
Nka pompe yimiti ikoreshwa mu gutwara ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe bwo hasi, ibikoresho byayo bigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije nubutumburuke mubushyuhe bwicyumba gisanzwe, ubushyuhe bwikibanza nubushyuhe bwanyuma.Ni ngombwa kandi ko ibice byose bya pompe bishobora guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe nubwiyongere butandukanye bwubushyuhe hamwe nubukonje bukabije.
Mugihe habaye ubushyuhe bwinshi, pompe isabwa gushyirwaho umurongo wo hagati kugirango harebwe niba imirongo yumurongo wimuka wambere na pompe ihora yibanze.
Hagati ya shitingi hamwe nubushyuhe bugomba gushyirwaho kuri pompe yubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe buke.
Kugirango ugabanye gutakaza ubushyuhe, cyangwa kugirango wirinde ibintu bifatika byikinyabiziga bitwarwa guhinduka nyuma yubushyuhe bwinshi (nkubwiza bwiyongera niba amavuta aremereye atwarwa nta kubika ubushyuhe), hagomba kuba urwego rukingira shyira hanze ya pompe.
Amazi meza yatanzwe na pompe ya kirogenike muri rusange aba yuzuye.Iyo imaze gukuramo ubushyuhe bwo hanze, izahinduka vuba, bigatuma pompe idashobora gukora bisanzwe.Ibi bisaba ubushyuhe buke bwo kubika ubushyuhe bwa pompe ya cryogenic.Kwagura perlite ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo hasi yubushyuhe.
(4) Kwambara ibiturwanya
Kwambara pompe yimiti iterwa nibintu byahagaritswe mumazi yihuta.Gukuramo no kwangiza pompe yimiti akenshi byongera ruswa.Kuberako kwihanganira kwangirika kwibyuma byinshi hamwe na alloys biterwa na firime ya passivation hejuru, iyo passiyo ya passivation imaze gushira, icyuma kizaba kimeze, kandi ruswa ikangirika vuba.
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kunoza imyambarire ya pompe yimiti: imwe nugukoresha cyane cyane ibyuma, akenshi bivunika ibyuma, nka silicon cast fer;Ibindi ni ugupfuka igice cyimbere cya pompe hamwe nuwimura hamwe na reberi yoroshye.Kurugero, kuri pompe yimiti ifite abrasive nyinshi, nka alum ore slurry ikoreshwa mugutwara ifumbire mvaruganda ya potasiyumu, ibyuma bya manganese hamwe nubutaka bwa ceramic birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya pompe.
Kubijyanye nimiterere, feri yugurura irashobora gukoreshwa mugutwara amazi abrasive.Igikonoshwa cya pompe yoroshye hamwe na moteri yimodoka nayo nibyiza kubirwanya kwambara pompe yimiti.
(5) Oya cyangwa ntoya
Ibyinshi mubitangazamakuru byamazi bitwarwa na pompe yimiti birashya, biturika kandi bifite uburozi;Ibitangazamakuru bimwe birimo ibintu bikora radio.Niba ibyo bikoresho bisohotse mu kirere bivuye kuri pompe, birashobora gutera umuriro cyangwa bikagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ibidukikije no kwangiza umubiri w’umuntu.Ibitangazamakuru bimwe bihenze, kandi kumeneka bizatera imyanda myinshi.Kubwibyo, pompe yimiti isabwa kutagira cyangwa kumeneka, bisaba akazi kashe ya pompe.Hitamo ibikoresho byiza byo gufunga hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa bwa kashe kugirango ugabanye kashe ya kashe;Niba pompe ikingiwe hamwe na magnetiki ya kashe ya pompe yatoranijwe, kashe ya shaft ntishobora kuva mukirere.
(6) Igikorwa cyizewe
Imikorere ya pompe yimiti ni iyo kwizerwa, harimo ibintu bibiri: gukora igihe kirekire nta kunanirwa no gukora neza kubintu bitandukanye.Igikorwa cyizewe ningirakamaro mu gukora imiti.Niba pompe ikunze kunanirwa, ntabwo bizatera gusa guhagarara kenshi, bigira ingaruka kubukungu, ariko kandi rimwe na rimwe bitera impanuka z'umutekano muri sisitemu yimiti.Kurugero, umuyoboro wa peteroli mbisi ikoreshwa nkuwatwaye ubushyuhe ihagarara gitunguranye iyo ikora, kandi itanura ryo gushyushya ntirigira umwanya wo kuzimya, rishobora gutuma itanura ryashyuha cyane, cyangwa rikanaturika, bigatera umuriro.
Ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko wa pompe mu nganda z’imiti bizatera ihindagurika ry’umuvuduko n’umuvuduko w’ibisohoka, ku buryo umusaruro w’imiti udashobora gukora bisanzwe, reaction muri sisitemu igira ingaruka, kandi ibikoresho ntibishobora kuringanizwa, bikaviramo imyanda;Ndetse utume ibicuruzwa bigabanuka cyangwa bishaje.
Ku ruganda rusaba kuvugurura rimwe mu mwaka, uburyo bukomeza bwo gukora pompe ntibugomba kuba munsi ya 8000h.Kugira ngo buri myaka itatu ishobore kuvugururwa, API 610 na GB / T 3215 ziteganya ko uburyo bukomeza bwo gukora pompe ya centrifugal ya peteroli, inganda zikomeye n’inganda za gaze nibura imyaka itatu.
(7) Irashobora gutanga amazi mubihe bikomeye
Amazi mu bihe bikomeye akunda guhinduka iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse cyangwa umuvuduko ukagabanuka.Amapompo yimiti rimwe na rimwe atwara amazi mubihe bikomeye.Amazi amaze guhumeka muri pompe, biroroshye kwangiza cavitation, bisaba pompe kugira imikorere irwanya cavitation.Muri icyo gihe, guhumeka kwamazi bishobora gutera guterana no kwishora mubice bifite imbaraga kandi bihagaze muri pompe, bisaba kwemererwa binini.Kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa kashe yubukanishi, kashe yo gupakira, kashe ya labyrint, nibindi kubera guterana kwumye kubera guhumeka kwamazi, pompe yimiti igomba kuba ifite imiterere yo kuzimya gaze yuzuye muri pompe.
Kuri pompe zitanga uburyo bukomeye bwamazi, gupakira kashe ya shaft irashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bifite imikorere myiza yo kwisiga, nka PTFE, grafite, nibindi. na.Iyo kashe ya kabiri ya mashini yemewe, umwobo uri hagati yimpera zombi zuzuyemo amazi yo mumahanga;Iyo kashe ya labyrint yemejwe, kashe ya gaze hamwe nigitutu runaka irashobora kwinjizwa hanze.Iyo amazi ya kashe cyangwa gaze ya kashe yatembye muri pompe, ntibigomba kwangiza uburyo bwa pompe, nko kumeneka mukirere.Kurugero, methanol irashobora gukoreshwa nkamazi yo gufunga mu cyuho cya kashe ya mashini ya kashe mu gihe cyo gutwara amoniya y’amazi mu bihe bikomeye;
Azote irashobora kwinjizwa muri kashe ya labyrint mugihe utwara hydrocarbone y'amazi yoroshye guhumeka.
(8) Kuramba
Igishushanyo mbonera cya pompe muri rusange nibura imyaka 10.Dukurikije API610 na GB / T3215, ubuzima bwo gushushanya pompe ya centrifugal ya peteroli, inganda zikomeye za gaze na gaze gasanzwe nibura imyaka 20.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-27-2022